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Monday, 24 November 2014

How to Make a Saline Solution


A saline solution can work wonders for a number of conditions, like sore throats, piercings, or skin infections. And the best part is it can be done in minutes with a quick raid of two ingredients from your kitchen. Keep reading to learn how to get your proportions right to create a solution that is natural and effective.

EditMethod 1 of 2: In the Microwave

  1. Make a Saline Solution Step 1.jpg
    1
    Purchase either regular table salt or sea salt. Do not buy fancy, scented, coloured or flavoured salts; the salt needs to be as pure as possible. Make sure it's iodide-free and lacks preservatives -- if it's anything but salt it could irritate your skin/nasal lining / whatever you're using it for.
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  2. Make a Saline Solution Step 2.jpg
    2
    Put a 1/2 teaspoon (2.5g) of salt into a cup. You want to mimic the concentration of salt or tears by creating a normal (the actual term) solution that's 0.9% saline.[1] For kids, stay on the less-salty side; for adults, a bit saltier is okay. But just a bit!
    • If you like, some recipes say to add 1/2 a teaspoon or so of baking soda.[2]However, a normal solution doesn't need it.
    • This is for 8 ounces of water. If you're using more water, use more salt.
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    3
    Add 8 ounces (1 cup) of hot water and stir well. Zap it in the microwave for a minute or so, set it in your kettle, or otherwise somehow get it to a point where it's hot but not boiling. Grab a spoon and help it dissolve.
    • Make sure it's stirred well! If it's cloudy or dirty, throw it out.[3]
    • If you want to be extra careful, use distilled water (or water that has actually reached a boil). This makes sure everything is sterile and hygienic.[4]
  4. Make a Saline Solution Step 4.jpg
    4
    Depending on your situation either cleanse, submerge or gargle the saline solution. But make sure not to swallow it! For the record, it's not intended for open wounds, either.
    • For piercings, do not submerge in water. Cleanse the area only, as the saline solution can leave the surrounding areas quite dry. Speak to a licensed professional for the best way to care for your new piercing.
    • For nail infections or other skin related infections (not open wounds) submerge the appendage in the saline 4 times a day. This method can take days to weeks to work, see a medical professional before it spreads, and if you see a red line traveling up your appendage go to the ER.
    • For a sore throat gargle morning and night, do not ingest the solution, though doing so by mistake will not harm you. If the sore throat persists after 2 days see a doctor.

EditMethod 2 of 2: On the Stove

  1. Make a Saline Solution Step 5.jpg
    1
    Place 1 cup of water and 1/2 teaspoon of salt into a pan. That's 8 ounces of water and about 2.5 grams of salt. Make sure the salt is iodide-free and lacks preservatives, coloring, scent, or any other fancy stuff that's unnecessary.
    • 1/2 a teaspoon doesn't seem like much, does it? For adults, it's safe to add a bit more, but just a bit. You want to have a solution that's similar to your own tears -- that's 0.9% saline.[3]
  2. Make a Saline Solution Step 6.jpg
    2
    Bring to a boil for 15 minutes. Place the lid on from the start. Set the timer and walk away. If you need to prep something else at this juncture (like a neti pot or jar), do so now.
  3. Make a Saline Solution Step 7.jpg
    3
    Use your solution. The most common use for saline solution is to clear the sinuses,help a sore throat or to rinse contact lenses. Just make sure it's safe and appropriate for whatever means you want to use it for.
    • If you're gargling it, wait for it to cool down a tad so it doesn't burn your throat -- it should be very warm -- not searingly hot. Same goes for using it in your nasal passageway or on your skin; you don't want to exacerbate your problem!
  4. Make a Saline Solution Step 8.jpg
    4
    Pour the rest into a sterile jar, bottle, or cup. If you have extras that is. Make sure your container is sterile to ensure the solution stays effective. You can be sure it is by boiling it, too.
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How to Do Computer Meditation

A guided meditation while taking a break from working at the computer is a fast way to find relaxation. Through simple yoga movements associated with positive phrases, you can dissolve inner blockages and recharge your mind positive. Get peace, power, love and happiness in five minutes.

Steps

  1. Avoid Encounters With Ghosts and the Paranormal Step 7.jpg
    1
    Find peace in prayer with your religious figure (e. g. God).
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  2. Do Computer Meditation Step 2.jpg
    2
    Send light or pray for (happiness, peace, love) to all beings: "I send light to ... (name). May all people be happy. May the world be happy."
  3. Do Computer Meditation Step 3.jpg
    3
    Begin by understanding that this computer meditation is aimed at people of all religious denominations and it may also be practiced by atheists. Use or adapt the phrases that work for you. You can also rephrase the mantras and make them suitable for you. You can define God in your own way as a supreme being or as a cosmic force or life power. You can omit the mantra "Om God" if it does not fit for you. Hence, it is advised that the remainder of the article be read in this light.
  4. Choose Yoga Pants Step 7.jpg
    4
    Connect yourself with the Enlightened (Saints) or God (or other entity) Say:"Om all enlightened masters. Om God. I beg for guidance and help on my way."
  5. Do Computer Meditation Step 5.jpg
    5
    Get inner peace. Say: "I take things as they are. I flow positively with my life."
  6. Do Computer Meditation Step 6.jpg
    6
    Calm your mind. Speak (or think) one minute the mantra: "Om Shanti. Om Peace."
  7. Do Computer Meditation Step 7.jpg
    7
    Try focusing on peaceful thoughts and avoid thinking of the stressful thoughts
  8. Do Computer Meditation Step 8.jpg
    8
    Relax.
  9. Do Computer Meditation Step 9.jpg
    9
    Find a positive phrase. Then speak it. For example, "My positive phrase is ...":
    • I go forward with love, peace, happiness and strength (power, energy). Be a victor in your life. God (or other entity) bless you. (This is an example of one possible positive phrase).
  10. Do Computer Meditation Step 10.jpg
    10
    Linger. Finally, it is good to linger in the relaxation for some time. In this final phase, relaxation unfolds its healing (harmonizing) effects.
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Friday, 22 August 2014

Islamic State goes beyond a terror group with its tactics


BAGHDAD — In confronting Islamic State militants in Iraq, the United States and its allies are facing, for the first, a terrorist group equipped like a conventional army.
The militants' conventional firepower and mobility have allowed the group to seize and hold large swaths of territory in Iraq.
"ISIL is as sophisticated and well-funded as any group that we have seen," Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel said Thursday, referring to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the group's former title. "They're beyond just a terrorist group."
There are no specific or credible terror threats to the U.S. homeland by the militant group, the FBI and Homeland Security Department said in an intelligence bulletin issued Friday, however, concerns remain that Islamic State supporters could attack overseas targets with little warning.
USATODAY
Hagel says U.S. will not relent in pursuit of militants
Meanwhile, Iraq's military has struggled when confronting Islamic State forces. Its army recently launched a second attempt to drive Islamic State forces from Tikrit, a city 80 miles north of the capital of Baghdad, but the offensive has stalled in the face of strong resistance from the militants.
Successes by the Iraqi government in the north stem from the use of elite counterterrorism troops, Kurdish forces and American air support.
USATODAY
Returning Islamic State fighters could threaten USA
Much of Iraq's conventional armed forces have fallen back to Baghdad in order to protect the capital.
"If we fail in Baghdad, it will be a disaster," said Brig. Gen. Saad Maan Ibrahim, a spokesman for the Interior Ministry.
A Kurdish soldier flashes the victory sign as they battle against Islamic State militants on Aug. 18 near Mosul, Iraq.
A Kurdish soldier flashes the victory sign as they battle against Islamic State militants on Aug. 18 near Mosul, Iraq. (Photo: Ahmad Al-Rubaye, AFP/Getty Images)
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  • A Kurdish soldier flashes the victory sign as they battle against Islamic State militants on Aug. 18 near Mosul, Iraq.
  • Iraqi army troops patrol a road in Anbar province, west of Ramadi.
  • A Shiite fighter loyal to Iraqi cleric Moqtada al-Sadr holds a position in support of the Iraqi army during a fight against Islamic State militants in the Jurf al-Sakher district on Aug. 18 outside Baghdad.
  • Shiite fighters back the Iraqi army during a battle against militants in the Jurf al-Sakher district.
  • A Shiite fighter holds a position.
  • Smoke rises from airstrikes on positions held by Islamic State militants at the Mosul Dam outside Mosul, Iraq.
  • Kurdish troops inspect the wreckage of a car painted with an Islamic jihadist flag after it was destroyed during an American air strike in Baqufa.
  • Iraqi army armored vehicles move down the main highway in Anbar province.
  • An Iraqi Yazidi woman sits with a child Aug. 17 under a bridge where displaced people of this religious minority found refuge after Islamic State militants attacked the town of Sinjar.
  • Smoke billows after an airstrike near a dam in Mosul, Iraq, as Kurdish forces battle for control.
  • A Kurdish peshmerga fighter prepares his weapon in Chamibarakat, Iraq. Kurdish forces took over parts of a nearby dam that was captured by the Islamic State extremist group.
  • A Kurdish fighter prepares his ammunition in Chamibarakat.
  • United Nations High Commission for Refugees staff members erect tents Aug. 13 at a new camp in Irbil, Iraq, for Iraqi Christian refugees forced to flee their homes.
  • An Iraqi Christian boy leans his head against a chair in a tent in Irbil, Iraq, that he shares with his family after being forced from their homes.
  • United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) staff members erect tents at a new camp in Irbil, Iraq, for Iraqi Christian refugees.
  • Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki, center, and acting Defense Minister Sadun al-Dulaymi, attend the funeral of Maj. Gen. Majid Abdul-Salam in Baghdad. The pilot was killed in a helicopter crash in northern Iraq one day prior.
  • An Iraqi woman on Aug. 13 walks past the scene of an explosion that took place the previous night in Baghdad's commercial district of Karrada.
  • A member of the Iraqi security forces stands guard in central Baghdad.
  • Supporters of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki rally in Baghdad. Tanks and Humvees were positioned on Baghdad bridges and at major intersections with security personnel more visible than usual as pro-Maliki demonstrators pledge their allegiance to him. The placard reads, "al-Maliki is our choice."
  • People inspect the site of a car bomb attack in Baghdad. A string of attacks in and around the capital killed more than a dozen and wounded dozens more.
  • People clear the site of a car bomb attack in Baghdad.
  • Iraqis chant pro-government slogans in support of embattled Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki in Baghdad on Aug. 11. Al-Maliki is in a struggle to keep his job after Iraqi President Fouad Massoum nominated deputy speaker of the parliament Haider al-Abadi to replace him.
  • Iraqi security forces stand guard during a rally supporting al-Maliki in Baghdad.
  • Supporters of al-Maliki take part in a Baghdad rally.
  • Iraqi army armored vehicles patrol a street in Baghdad, amid tighter security after Iraq's prime minister said he would sue the president in a desperate bid to cling to his job.
  • Peshmerga forces hand out water bottles and show the way to displaced Iraqi families from the Yazidi community as they cross the Iraqi-Syrian border at the Fishkhabur crossing, in northern Iraq.
  • Displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community cross the Iraq-Syria border over the Tigris River in northern Iraq.
  • Displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community cross the Iraqi-Syrian border over the Tigris River in northern Iraq.
  • A displaced Iraqi boy from the Yazidi community crosses the Iraqi-Syrian border in northern Iraq. Many from the Yazidi, besieged by jihadists on a mountain in northern Iraq have safely escaped to Syria.
  • Displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community cross the Iraqi-Syrian border over the Tigris River in northern Iraq.
  • A displaced Iraqi man from the Yazidi community carries his daughter as they cross the Iraqi-Syrian border in northern Iraq.
  • Displaced Iraqi children from the Yazidi community ride in the back of a truck across the Iraqi-Syrian border at the Fishkhabur crossing in northern Iraq.
  • Humanitarian goods are unloaded from a French Air Force plane at Erbil airport in Iraqi Kurdistan on Aug. 10.
  • An Iraqi Yazidi, who fled her home a week ago when Islamic State militants attacked the town of Sinjar, sits with a baby, on Aug. 10, in a building under construction where Yazidis found refuge in the Kurdish city of Dohuk.
  • Iraqis Yazidis, who fled their homes a week ago when Islamic State militants attacked the town of Sinjar, sit on makeshift beds inside a building in the Kurdish city of Dohuk in Iraq's autonomous Kurdistan region where Yazidis found shelter.
  • U.S. and Kurdish flags flutter in the wind while displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community cross into Syria at Feeshkhabour border point in northern Iraq.
  • Syrian Kurdish Peshmerga fighters stand guard as displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community settle at a camp in Derike, Syria.
  • Displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community settle at a camp at Derike, Syria. Kurdish authorities at the border believe some 45,000 Yazidis passed the river crossing in the past week and thousands more are still stranded in the mountains.
  • An F/A-18C Hornet coming from Iraq lands on Navy aircraft carrier USS George H.W. Bush, on Aug. 10, in the Persian Gulf.
  • Female members of the Kurdistan Workers' Party take position on the front line in Makhmur, south of Arbil, the capital of the autonomous Kurdish region of northern Iraq where clashes with Islamic State militants are ongoing on Aug. 9.
  • U.S. Air Force Sgt. Lynn Morelly watches bundles of halal meals parachute to the ground during a humanitarian airdrop mission on Aug. 9 over Iraq.
  • Kurdish troops defend a position during a battle against militants from the Islamic State of iraq and the Levant on June 23 near Taza Khormato, Iraq.
  • Kurdish soldiers battle Islamic militants near Taza Khormato.
  • Iraqi soldiers patrol an area along the border between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
  • Iraqi soldiers guard a position on the border between Iraq and Saudi Arabia near Karbala.
  • A photograph released on June 23 shows militants from ISIL remove statues of religious figures and Iraqi cultural icons in Mosul on June 19.
  • Militants removed statues and cultural icons in Mosul.
  • Iraqi Turkmen forces patrol a checkpoint in Tuz Khurmatu on June 21.
  • An Iraqi Shiite militiaman, a follower of Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr, breaks a sign with the name of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant during a parade, in Kirkuk.
  • Militants stand with a captured Iraqi army Humvee at a checkpoint outside Beiji oil refinery on June 19 near Baghdad.
  • An Iraqi army tank was destroyed after an attack by Sunni militants near Beiji.
  • A militant stands guard at a checkpoint captured from the Iraqi army outside the Beiji refinery.
  • Smoke rises from the Beiji oil refinery.
  • Iraqi volunteers train in Najaf City. More than 2 million Iraqis have volunteered to fight against Sunni militants from the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant.
  • Iraqi volunteers attend a training session at the Ibrahimiya police camp outside Karbala.
  • An image from British broadcaster Sky television shows Kurdish soldiers battling militants from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant on June 18 near Jalula, Iraq. Kurdish security forces fought the Sunni militants, using heavy artillery and rockets to attack their positions.
  • A Kurdish soldier fires a heavy machine gun at militants near Jalula.
  • Kurdish troops run down a street during a battle with Sunni militants in Jalula.
  • A Kurdish solider fires at militants with ISIL.
  • Kurdish troops leave a transport vehicle.
  • Kurdish troops ride in an armored vehicle.
  • Iraqi special forces troops deploy in West Baghdad.
  • Militants from ISIL parade with a captured Iraqi army vehicle in Baiji.
  • Militants from ISIL celebrate in Baiji.
  • A photograph released on June 17 by Albaraka News allegedly shows a militant fighter from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant tying up a captured Iraqi soldier at an undisclosed location near the border between Syria and Iraq on June 12.
  • A photograph released on June 17 by Albaraka News allegedly shows fighters from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant inspecting vehicles belonging to the Iraqi army after they were captured at an undisclosed location near the border between Syria and Iraq.
  • A photograph released by Albaraka News shows smoke rising from Iraqi army vehicles during an attack by fighters from ISIL near the border between Syria and Iraq.
  • A photograph released by Albaraka News shows militants from ISIL firing at advancing Iraqi troops at an undisclosed location near the border between Syria and Iraq.
  • <p>Men flash victory signs as they leave a recruiting center to join the Iraqi army in Baghdad. Young Shiite men are joining the army to battle a Sunni militant force advancing from the north.</p>
  • Demonstrators chant slogans of support for ISIL in front of the provincial government headquarters after the militant group captured Mosul.
  • Shiite tribal fighters raise their weapons and chant slogans against the Islamic State of Iraq in the Shula neighborhood of Baghdad.
  • Militants parade down a main road in Mosul. Days after Iraq's second-largest city fell to the militant fighters, some Iraqis are already returning to Mosul, lured back by insurgents offering cheap gas and food, restoring power and water and removing traffic barricades.
  • A photograph from a militant website appears to show militants from the al-Qaeda-inspired Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant taking aim at captured Iraqi soldiers wearing civilian clothing after capturing a base in Tikrit. ISIL has posted photos that appear to show its fighters shooting dead dozens of captured Iraqi soldiers in a province north of the capital Baghdad.
  • A verified image from a militant website appears to show militants from ISIL leading away captured Iraqi soldiers who are wearing civilian clothing in Tikrit.
  • Iraqi military trucks transport volunteers to Muthanna base in central Baghdad.
  • Military trucks transport army volunteers to Muthanna base.
  • Children play with an Iraqi army helmet on June 13 in Mosul.
  • Children walk through a refugee camp near Erbil in northern Iraq.
  • An Iraqi army armored vehicle destroyed during fighting with militants sits on a street on June 12 in Mosul. Militants belonging to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant have captured Tikrit and Mosul after soldiers and security forces abandoned their posts.
  • Burned Iraqi army armored vehicles litter a street in Mosul. The militants have vowed to march on to Baghdad.
  • An image made from an Iraqi0Revolution video shows a militant standing in front of a burning Iraqi army Humvee in Tikrit.
  • An image from video posted by Iraqi0Revolution, a group supporting the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, shows militants on the Al-Sharqat military base north of Tikrit.
  • Militants walk through the captured Al-Sharqat military base.
  • Teenagers ride on an armored vehicle belonging to the Iraqi army in Tikrit on June 11. Al-Qaida-inspired militants seized effective control Wednesday of Saddam Hussein's hometown of Tikrit, expanding their offensive closer to the Iraqi capital as soldiers and security forces abandoned their posts following clashes with the insurgents.
  • Men chant slogans against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant outside the main army recruiting center as they volunteer for military service in Baghdad.
  • An Iraqi soldier flashes a victory sign at an army recruiting center.
  • Wounded refugees from Mosul arrive at the Khazir refugee camp outside Irbil.
  • Kurdish police officers stand guard while refugees from Mosul enter Irbil.
  • Iraqi security forces drive to Baghdad from Mosul.
When Islamic State forces captured Mosul in June, four Iraqi divisions collapsed, leaving behind much of their equipment, including top-of-the-line tanks, artillery, armored personnel carriers and tons of ammunition.
The militants were able to use much of the equipment they captured, thanks largely to support and training from former Iraqi officers who felt alienated by the Shiite-dominated government of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki and joined the Islamic State, said Sterling Jensen, an assistant professor at the United Arab Emirates' National Defense College in Abu Dhabi.
USATODAY
Journalist held by Islamic State showed passion for Middle East
The militants have also gained extensive combat experience in Syria, where they have been fighting government troops loyal to Bashar Assad.
"They're very well-organized," said Lt. Gen. William Mayville, the operations officer for the Joint Staff at the Pentagon. "They are very well-equipped. They coordinate their operations. And they have thus far shown the ability to attack on multiple axes."
That differs significantly from enemies whom the United States faced earlier in Iraq and Afghanistan, where militants generally operated in small groups using weapons limited to small arms.
The Islamic State has also shown itself to be adept at communicating and controlling its forces, a challenging feat because they are spread over vast distances in Iraq. They use cellphones and the Internet to command and control forces.
The group has also made smart use of the Internet to intimidate and frighten. Videos of militant atrocities undermined the morale of soldiers in Mosul prior to the June attack, said Col. Ali al-Majidi, an Iraqi brigade commander deployed west of Baghdad. The propaganda, combined with corrupt commanders, caused many soldiers to flee before a shot was fired.
Iraqi leaders say they are working on rebuilding their forces and considering ways to establish local security forces.
"We took lessons from our experience in Mosul," said Mohammed Naji, a member of Parliament.
Analysts say it's unlikely that the Islamic State will be able to hold territory for long, and the militants' conventional style of warfare will end up as a disadvantage.
Political reconciliation, along with increased confidence from U.S. airstrikes, will help Iraq's army reconstitute and begin taking back territory, said Jensen, who has extensive experience in Iraq as a political adviser and translator for U.S. troops. The Islamic State will ultimately have to revert to guerrilla tactics as Iraqi army and police drive the militants underground, he added.
"If ISIL is intent on holding this amount of space, they're going to lose."
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